5 Essential Tips for a KILLER LinkedIn Summary

5 Essential Tips for a KILLER LinkedIn Summary A considerable lot of you may have heard that LinkedIn profiles are going to experience another facelift. Talk among vocation experts has is that the new profile will feature the Summary segment in another manner making it more significant than any time in recent memory to have a convincing Summary to offer your perusers. One of the most mainstream benefits The Essay Expert offers is composing the LinkedIn Profile Summary. We love talking with individuals and composing duplicate for them; yet you can likewise do it without anyone else's help on the off chance that you are a decent author and know the message you need to get over. On the off chance that you are a do-it-yourselfer, a few hints for composing an extraordinary LinkedIn Summary may prove to be useful! All things considered, you’re in karma. CareerCast distributed one of my articles that gives five hints to a KILLER LinkedIn Summary; and in spite of the fact that I made a deal to avoid posting the whole article on my own blog, I needed to impart the connection to you. Here it is! 5 Essential Tips for a KILLER LinkedIn Summary As a review, the tips are: Never leave the Summary area clear! Utilize every one of the 2,000 characters. Recount stories. Split it up (graphically). Incorporate your contact data [NOTE: I no longer propose doing this except if you have space to save, since the Contact Information segment has as of late been made more prominent.] I will probably compose a continuation of this article soon, so please investigate the first and remain tuned for increasingly valuable exhortation! For tests of The Essay Expert’s LinkedIn Summary explanations, see our LinkedIn Profile Samples. Furthermore, in the event that you are searching for an expert LinkedIn Profile Writing administration, if you don't mind visit our LinkedIn Profile Writing page to become familiar with our administrations and rates. Do you have more thoughts regarding how to compose a KILLER LinkedIn Summary? It would be ideal if you share below†¦ you may even get cited in my next article!

Essay examples --

Wellbeing, Safety and Welfare The Safety, Health and Welfare Act of 2005 came into procedure on first September 2005. The Safety, Health Authority is a state-supported body under the Department of Enterprise. The exchange and business would have the general duty regarding the administrate side of things and implementing the Health and Safety in the working environment. There are completely ensured by law. Thusly the business must guarantee a sheltered workplace. The work place must have a recorded points of interest with respect to structures for the wellbeing reviewers on demand. These spots must have signage set up for the businesses wellbeing and these guideline must be completed. Tormenting in the working environment is another wellbeing and security issue that can be tested under the Safety, Health and Welfare at work Act 2005. The Act applies to all businesses and representatives both transitory, full time and independently employed individuals in their work environment. The Acts sets out the rights and com mitment of the two bosses and workers and accordingly overwhelming fines and punishments for breaks of the Health and security enactment. Both business and worker have obligations to here by in the Health and Safety Act 2007. Bosses is required to do a hazard evaluation which ought to distinguish any risks that current them selfs in the work place. The business ought to likewise complete an appraisal according to pregnant workers. The business is obliged to report any mishap that outcomes in a representative missing 3 successive days at work which do exclude the day of mishap. Defensive hardware are accessible on location for all representatives. Work Equality Bosses are legitimately obliged to stand to the current balance enactment while recruiting and utilizing staff whether full tim... ...ce Industrial, Professional and Technical association. The most well-known battled issue with compensation. Guidelines identified with pay A framework was set up to figure out what the lowest pay permitted by law would be. Every nation set their own base wages laws as observe fit. The current is â‚ ¬8.65 an hour in Ireland on July 2007. There is a base rate for the main year of an occupation is â‚ ¬6.92 every hour. On demand representatives are qualified for a composed explanation setting out their reckonable compensation, working hours, normal hourly pace of pay qualification under the Act. This compensation may just be paid either week after week or month to month with understanding of business and representative. The National the lowest pay permitted by law act 2000 sets the base rate for all accomplished grown-up workers. The installment of wages Act gives each representative in Ireland a privilege to a payslip demonstrating the workers net wages and any subtleties of additional time or conclusions.

Self Help

Self Help I raised my young self on a steady diet of self-help literature. I read parenting books when I was a kidbooks like How to Speak So Children Will Listen, How to Listen So Children Will Speak and The Blessing of a Skinned Kneeand marked the pages I thought my parents should read. I read guidebooks for each stage of development the stage before I needed them: The Care and Keeping of You before I reached puberty, Dont Sweat the Small Stuff for Teens before I reached twelve, and Elaine St. James books on Living the Simple Life by involving your kids in household chores and limiting the color scheme of your work clothes well before I had such a thing as work clothes, while I was still on the receiving end of chore assignments. Girlwise by Julia Devillers was my favorite of all. I read it over and over and celebrated when an old man I met complimented me on the firm handshake I learned in Chapter 4. And then suddenly I stopped. Partly I got busy with books that were age-appropriate or relevant to my life, but mostly I decided that the self-help shelves didnt really have much to offer. I was looking around me and realizing that the adults I knew didnt have it all together the way Id thought they did. The adults I didnt know, I figured, were probably the same: pretending to have it together, writing books about having it together, and puttering along in their individual worlds of chaos and delusion like everyone else. I stopped reading self-help books. I became a skeptic. I saw people trying and failing to make change in their own lives, and I doubted an inverse correlation between the number of self-help books in someones library and the number of problems in their life. I developed a general disdain for books that seemedlike diet pills or clickbait listiclesto be offering quick or permanent solutions to problems I thought were probably universal or inescapable. My own self-improvement efforts became a private indulgence. I read How to Talk to Anyone (a wonderful, wonderful book) when I was so shy my high school classmates thought I didnt speak English, and when I was done (and significantly less shy) I removed the book from my bookcase. I read Flirting 101: How to Charm your way to Love, Friendship, and Success and reconfirmed my opinion of the self-help genre as ludicrous.* Maybe I read a few books as my dedication trailed off, but when I stayed away, I stayed away for a long time. It was a slow reintroduction. My sophomore year of college, a friend lent me a copy of Feel the Fear and Do It Anyway with the disclaimer that he usually didnt like self-help books but that this one was special. I read the beginning and found it revelatory enough to buy another by the same author (Susan Jeffers) titled Embracing Uncertainty. It claimed to offer breakthrough methods for achieving peace of mind when facing the unknown. At that time in my life, I felt adrift. I was eighteen and my world seemed lawless. I wanted someone to tell me what to do, or a religion to tell me what to do, or even just a stronger voice inside myself to tell me what to do. The book offered a way of thinking I had never encountered. It described life as an adventure that would be ruined if you knew the whole story. The impact on me was profound. My anxiety, which had centered on feelings of fear and uncertainty, melted away a littlenot entirely, but permanently. I kept these books, albeit tucked away sometimes so visitors wouldnt think I needed self-help books. They were exceptions to the general rule. This summer, I read bell hooks. I started with All About Love. Having heard about bell hooks in the context of radical feminism and antiracist activism, I expected something a little angry, a little revolutionary. Instead I found a voice that was not angry at alland was wholly revolutionary. bell hooks wrote with a softness and compassion, with a curious and introspective approach, firm but easy language, and no apology for her interest in the self-help genre. She was critical of the texts she mentioned, but she did not dismiss them out of hand. She believed that the authors had something to offer, and I believed her. I read her essays on white supremacy and patriarchy in Killing Rage: Ending Racism and her thoughts on the female search for love in Communion. Im still dwelling in the space her work opened in me. It is a space of gentleness, optimism, and unfamiliar trust. When I turned over the last book of hers I read, the designation in the top-left-hand corner of the back cover read cultural studies/self-help. Her books do not feel like gimmicks. Their covers are not plastered with shiny endorsements or pictures of skinny white women or motherly figures with knowing smiles. They contain more cultural criticism than anecdotal instruction. Sometimes her messages are unclear to me, but they are not unwelcome. I am not sure they have changed me at all, or that I want them to, but I will continue reading them. Im realizing it doesnt kill me to take the concept of self-help seriously. There are things I dont know. There are people who run their lives better than I do. There are writers like bell hooks, whose lived experiences and years of study give them wisdom I cant make up for myself. Readers, what do you think? Is self-improvement an end in itself, or does it come about as a byproduct of the pursuit of external achievements? What kinds of self-help advice have helped or not helped you? If self-help books dont actually help, is it a waste of time to read them for fun, the way we read beauty health tips in magazines with pretty pictures, happily knowing well never try them? Further Thoughts 1. My mother read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up cover to cover and proceeded to clear out all our bookshelves, closets, drawers and even the Barn Containing All Things Imaginable From Bell Jars to Broken Cars, which was previously thought to be an impossible task. My high school friends mother apparently did the same thing. Beware. That book might change your whole house. 2. Women are the primary audience of the self-help genre. There is a stigma around the genre: like many things classified as feminine pursuits, self-help is devalued and seen as frivolous.** 3. Like other industries that thrive by convincing women they are inherently flawed or unworthy and need to spend money to be fixed or improved, the self-help industry is in many ways exploitative and damaging. 4. I still doubt the authority of self-help authors. Even people with doctorates can be hacks, and even people with the best intentions can spew misguided nonsense. I read selectively. Umberto Eco can tell me how to write a thesis, Thich Nhat Hanh can tell me how to be a good citizen, but no one can tell me that men are from Mars and women are from Venus, or that unflagging individual happiness and personal pleasure are the most meaningful pursuits in life. Related Articles I Have Not Totally Read The Science of Self-Help. Algis Valiunas, The New Atlantis Journal of Technology Society. Self help as womens popular culture in suburban New Jersey: An ethnographic perspective. Kelly C. George, Participations Journal of Audience Reception Studies. The self help industry helps itself to billions of dollars. Lindsay Myers, BrainBlogger. * The book (in which I might find some serviceable tips now) was useless to a fifteen-year-old girl who only crushed on teachers, gay boys, and people with girlfriends. (It suggested working sexual innuendos into everyday conversation. For example, if you were raising a flag with someone, you could say Lets get it up. My thoughts at the time: who regularly raises flags with the people they want to date? and gross.) I resigned myself to a life of practical and respectable unflirting. **Thinking about self-help as a feminine pursuit, or put another way, as “women’s popular culture,” inevitably begs the question: “which women?” By bringing attention to the genre’s association with “women,” my intention is to consciously invoke the long-standing synecdoche, confusing middle-class women for all women. Opening up the category “women” necessitates not only looking beyond the middle-class woman, but also within that category. In order to take account of identity as it relates to the reading and social activities of a particular group of women, in the case of the present study, a group of white, middle-class women in suburban New Jersey, one must begin by asking, what is contained in Volume 9, Issue 2 November 2012 Page 27 the image of a White, Suburban Woman? What does one expect to find or not find in this figure? Alternately, the classification as women’s popular culture is also intended to invite reflection on self-help as a feminized activity, a genre described as “simplistic” (Woodstock, 2007), “narcissistic” (DeFrancisco, 1995), “irrational” (Askehave, 2004) and “bourgeois” (Parkins Brabazon, 2001). (Kelly C. George, Self help as womens popular culture in suburban New Jersey.)

What Is the Jet Stream and How It Affects Our Weather

Youve probably heard the words jet stream many times while watching weather forecasts on TV. Thats because the jet stream and its location is key to forecasting where weather systems will travel. Without it, there would be nothing to help steer our daily weather from location to location. Rivers of Rapidly Moving Air Named for their similarity to fast moving jets of water, jet streams are bands of strong winds in the upper levels of the atmosphere. Jet streams form at the boundaries of contrasting air masses. When warm and cold air meet, the difference in their air pressures as a result of their temperature differences (recall that warm air is less dense, and cold air, more dense) causes air to flow from higher pressure (the warm air mass) to lower pressure (the cold air mass), thereby creating high winds. Because the differences in temperature, and therefore, pressure, are very large, so too is the strength of the resulting winds. Jet Stream Location, Speed,Direction Jet streams live at the tropopause (about 6 to 9 miles off  the ground) and are several thousand miles long. Jet stream winds range in speed from 120 to 250 mph, but can reach more than 275 mph. Oftentimes, the jet houses pockets of winds that move faster than the surrounding jet stream winds. These jet streaks play an important role in precipitation and storm formation. (If a jet streak is visually divided into fourths, like a pie, its left front and right rear quadrants are the most favorable for precipitation and storm development. If a weak  low pressure area  passes through either of these locations, it will quickly strengthen into a dangerous storm.) Jet  winds blow from west to east, but also meander north to south in a wave-shaped pattern. These waves and large ripples (known as planetary, or Rossby waves) form U-shaped troughs of low pressure that allow cold air to spill southwards, and upside-down U-shaped ridges of high pressure that bring warm air northwards.  Ã‚   Discovered by Weather Balloons One of the first names associated with the jet stream is Wasaburo Oishi. A Japanese meteorologist, Oishi discovered the jet stream in the 1920s while using weather balloons to track upper level winds near Mount Fuji. However, his work went unnoticed outside of Japan. In 1933, knowledge of the jet stream increased when American aviator Wiley Post began exploring long-distance, high-altitude flight. Despite these discoveries, the term jet stream was not coined until 1939 by German meteorologist Heinrich Seilkopf. Meet the Polar and Subtropical Jets While we typically talk about the jet stream as if there was only one, there are actually two: a polar jet stream and a subtropical jet stream. The Northern Hemisphere and the Southern Hemisphere each have both a polar and a subtropical branch of the jet. The Polar Jet:  In North America, the polar jet is more commonly known as the jet or the mid-latitude jet (so-called because it occurs over the mid-latitudes).The Subtropical Jet:  The subtropical jet is named for its existence at 30 °N and 30 °S latitude—a climate zone known as the subtropics. It forms at the boundary temperature difference between air at mid-latitudes and warmer air near the equator. Unlike the polar jet, the subtropical jet is only present in the wintertime—the only time of year when temperature contrasts in the subtropics are strong enough to form jet winds. The subtropical jet is generally weaker than the polar jet. It is most pronounced over the western Pacific. Jet Position Changes With the Seasons Jet streams change position, location, and strength depending on the season. In the winter, areas in the Northern Hemisphere may get colder than normal periods as the jet stream dips lower bringing cold air in from the polar regions. Although the height of the jet stream is typically 20,000 feet or more, the influences on weather patterns can be substantial as well. High wind speeds can drive and direct storms creating devastating droughts and floods. A shift in the jet stream is a suspect in the causes of the Dust Bowl. In spring, the polar jet starts to journey north from its winter position along the lower third of the U.S., back to its permanent home at 50-60 °N latitude (over Canada). As the jet gradually lifts northward, highs and lows are steered along its path and across the regions where its currently positioned. Why does the jet stream move? Well, jet streams follow the Sun, Earths primary source of heat energy. Recall that in spring in the Northern Hemisphere, the Suns vertical rays go from striking the Tropic of Capricorn (23.5 ° south latitude) to striking more northerly latitudes (until it reaches the Tropic of Cancer, 23.5 ° north latitude, on the summer solstice). As these northerly latitudes warm, the jet stream, which occurs near boundaries of cold and warm air masses, must also shift northward to remain at the opposing edge of warm and cool air. Locating Jets on Weather Maps On surface maps: Many news and media that broadcast weather forecasts show the jet stream as a moving band of arrows across the U.S., but  the jet stream isnt a standard feature of surface analysis maps. Heres an easy way to eyeball the jet position: since it steers high and low pressure systems, simply note where these are located and draw a continuous curved line in-between them, taking care to arch your line over highs and underneath lows. On upper level maps: The jet stream lives at heights of 30,000 to 40,000 feet above Earths surface. At these altitudes, atmospheric pressure equals around 200 to 300 mb; this is why the 200 and 300 mb level upper air charts are typically used for jet stream forecasting. When looking at other upper level maps, the jet position can be guessed by noting where pressure or wind contours are spaced close together.

Altruism David Sloan Wilson - 1960 Words

Introduction The subject of altruism has a long history of contention amongst academic researchers and religious scholars alike. The term itself originated in the 19th century, first coined by French philosopher, Auguste Comte. Since then however, there have been many different theories and evaluations regarding altruism. David Sloan Wilson, a distinguished Professor of Biological Sciences and Anthropology at Binghamton University, has attempted to provide a new insight into this topic, using his knowledge on some of the latest developments in evolutionary biology. In his work, Wilson successfully and succinctly examines and develops a clear understanding of how he understands altruism to have arisen and how it is maintained, giving reference to its occurrence in psychology, religion and economic environments, as well as how it affects people’s everyday lives and an explanation for pathological manifestations, lastly touching on the view of planetary altruism. However, he fails to address some questions regarding the validity of his proposed theories, namely how he supposes that altruistic groups arise in nature and why, if his theories are correct, the current world is not ruled by certain highly altruistic groups such as the Hutterites or the Amish. Summary of Key Arguments Near the end of the introductory chapter, Wilson states that, if he has written something of value, it will be defined by his reader’s understanding of why evolutionary theory is an essential factor inShow MoreRelatedThe Origins Of Virtue By The Zoologist Matt Ridley1509 Words   |  7 Pagescooperation, how reciprocal humans and animals are because eventually we gain more from cooperation, despite the temptation to cheat (Markà ³czy Goldberg, 1997). This chapter is followed by the extensions and conditions that are necessary to get reciprocal altruism, which is uniquely mastered by humans. The next two chapters outline the generosity of food sharing, how prepared humans and animals are to share mostly their meat. Albeit sharing means paying back the favour at a later date which leads to the notionRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages(Prentice Hall, 2012) Management , 11th ed. with Mary Coulter (Prentice Hall, 2012) Fundamentals of Human Resource Management, 10th ed., with David DeCenzo (Wiley, 2010) Prentice Hall’s Self-Assessment Library 3.4 (Prentice Hall, 2010) Fundamentals of Management, 8th ed., with David DeCenzo and Mary Coulter (Prentice Hall, 2013) Supervision Today! 7th ed., with David DeCenzo and Robert Wolter (Prentice Hall, 2013) Training in Interpersonal Skills: TIPS for Managing People at Work, 6th ed., with PhillipRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pagesenvironment. noTes 1. Ilene Rockman, â€Å"Joint Use Facilities: The View from San Jose,† Library Administration and Management 13 (1999): 64–67. 2. Doris Small Helfer, â€Å"Lessons from PricewaterhouseCoopers,† Searcher 7, no. 1 (January 1999): 16–17 3. Lisa Wilson, â€Å"Bringing Vision to Practice: Planning and Provisioning the New Library Resource Center,† Teacher Librarian 32, no. 1 (October 2004): 23–27. 4. Betsy A. Bernfeld, â€Å"Developing a Team Management Structure in a Public Library,† Library Trends 53, noRead MoreMarketing Mistakes and Successes175322 Words   |  702 Pagesmeaningless data. Search engines began to organize the Internet, and thus Yahoo and AltaVista among others were born. But they still left a lot to be 1 2 Examples can be found in Quentin Hardy, â€Å"Close to the Vest,† Forbes, July 2, 2007, pp. 40–42. David A. Vise, The Google Story, New York: Delacorte, 2005, p. 31. Sergey Brin and Larry Page and the Start of Google †¢ 13 desired. The answer to more relevant research seemed to be a better use of links, such as a highlighted word or phrase. In

Kines Final Review Free Essays

What are the 3 functions of the Menisci? 10. Which menisci Is shaped Like an â€Å"O† and which one Is shaped Like a â€Å"C†? 11. What are the 3 different zones of the menisci and what is the difference between each of these zones? 12. We will write a custom essay sample on Kines Final Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now What are the two Excruciate ligaments? 13. Where does the PC attach on the femur? Where does the PC attach on the Tibia? 14. Where does the CAL attach on the femur? Where does the CAL attach on the tibia? 15. During non-weight bearing, what does the CAL prevent? During weight bearing, what does the CAL prevent? 16. During non-wealth bearing, what does the PC revert? During weight bearing. What does the PC prevent? 17. What force does the MAC prevent? What force does the LLC prevent? 18. Which muscles are our main hip fellers? 19. What does it mean for a muscle to be a 2-Joint muscle? 20. What are the names of our four quad muscles? Which ones affect both the hip and the knee? 21 . What are the names of the 3 hamstring muscles? 22. How do we manage or treat a quadriceps contusion? 23. For a hip dislocation, the leg will be In a position. 24. How do we manage a femur fracture? 25. Why are females more prone to CAL tears? 6. What is another name for a PC sprain? And 27. What are the common signs and symptoms of a maniacal lesion? 28. What is the difference between Osgood-Clatterers and Larsen-Johansson Disease? 29. What Is Patella Altar? What Is Patella Baja? 30. What are other names for Gene Vulgar and Gene Vary? Chapter 19- The Ankle and Lower Leg 1 . What are the four bones that make up the ankle? Ligaments are on the medial side of the ankle? 4. What are the names of the tarsal bones? 5. What are the four compartments of the lower leg and what muscles are in each compartment? 6. What two motions make up the actions probation and suppuration of the ankle? 7. Describe what pees caves and pees planks are. 8. What are the two phases of the gait cycle and what motions make up these two phases? 9. What is a more common name for hall values? 10. How do we manage hall values? 11. What Joints are involved in a Hammer Toe? 12. What Joints are involved in Mallet toe? 13. What Joints are involved in claw toe? 14. What is the etiology for turf toe? 15. How do we manage or treat an ingrown toenail? 16. What are the three different types of compartment syndrome? 7. What type of ankle sprain is the most common? 18. What are the signs and symptoms of an Achilles Tendon Rupture? 19. What is a more common name for Medial Tibia Stress Syndrome? 20. Define a Jones Fracture. Chapters 20-24 and 26-27- General Medical Conditions 1 . What is another name for syncope? 2. What are some signs and symptoms of syncope? 3. What is another name for Sudden Cardiac Death? 4. What are some re d flags for Sudden Cardiac Death? 5. What is Commotion Cord’s and how does it occur? 6. Compare and Contrast a Generalized Seizure and a Partial or Focal Seizure. 7. How do we manage or treat seizures? . What are some things that can trigger an Asthma Attack? 9. What are signs and symptoms of Asthma? 10. Compare and Contrast Type I and Type II Diabetes Mellitus. 11. What are some signs and symptoms of Diabetes? 12. What is Hyperglycemia? What are some signs and symptoms? 13. What is Hypoglycemia? What are some signs and symptoms? 14. What is the difference between food poisoning and the Flu? 15. What is normal body temperature? What is a low-grade fever? What is a high-grade fever? 16. What is the difference between a bacterial infection and a viral infection? 7. What is mononucleosis? How do we get it? 18. What are the signs and symptoms of Mononucleosis? 19. What is Seer’s Sign? 20. What does OSHA stand for? 21 . What are some of our personal precautions for bloodstone pathogens? 22. What are two different types of Menstrual Irregularities? 23. What is the female athlete triad? 1 . What is triangulation? 2. What gland controls triangulat ion? 3. What are the five different types of heat exchange or production? 4. When should we begin hydrating for activities? 5. How do we check hydration levels? 6. What are the recommendations for hydration? 7. What are common signs and symptoms of dehydration? 8. How do we manage dehydration? 9. Why do we need to replace our fluid and electrolytes? 10. What is acclimatization? 1 1 . Who are more susceptible to heat illnesses? 12. What is hyperthermia? What is hypothermia? 13. What is heat rash? 14. What is heat syncope? 15. What causes exertion heat cramps? 16. What are common signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion? How do we treat it? 17. What are common signs and symptoms of heat stroke? How do we treat it? 18. What is exertion hypothermia? 19. What is frost nip? 20. What are signs and symptoms of frostbite? . How do we treat cold injuries? 22. What do we do if there is lightning? 23. What is the flash to bang theory? Chapter 29- Dermatology 1 . What three things can cause skin infections? 2. What four things does the skin do for us? 3. What are signs and symptoms of bacterial infections? 4. What is follicles? 5. What is MRS.? What are the dangers of not treating MRS.? 6. How do we manage bacterial infections? 7. How do we prevent fungal infections? 8. What is tinge piped? 9. What is tinge capitals? 10. What causes fungal infections and how do we treat fungal infections? How to cite Kines Final Review, Papers

Programmable Logic Controller in Mineral

Question: Discucss about the Programmable Logic Controller in Mineral Processing. Answer: Introduction With advent in technology the automation processes have also changed and developed so far. Automation processes are used to control the various systems and related technologies in an industry so as to provide better and efficient mechanism in respect to time and cost. These kinds of automation techniques introduce PLC that is Programmable Logic Controller in to the system. This report deals with a PLC system and its working in mineral processing industry throwing light on its mechanism along with its sensors acting as the inputs while the valves are being used as output of the system. To provide a wider detail and understanding for the topic the report has been sectioned properly. The report has been divided into parts including stages in Mineral processing, PLC in Automation process, PLC Architecture and its working. Automation process There are various control system implemented in automation such as HMI controller, DCS control system, PC control System and PLC control System. The report focuses on the PLC system in mineral processing. Programmable Logic Controller A PLC or Programmable Logic controller can be called a digital computer working for the automation of the electromechanical processes. These are much different from the general computer as they are specifically designed for the various inputs and outputs, having high resistance to the electrical noise, impacts and vibrations (Kiran 2013). Basically, the system reads its input and reverts back by putting the output section on or off. The programs on basis of which the automation process goes on is written and saved up in the backup or non-volatile memory. The process has to present the results based on the inputs in accordance to the time to avoid unintended operation. Thus it can be called an absolute real-time system. It has been considered so important because it is an intelligent piece of software which can take place of the numerous relays at once (Wang and Wu 2016). The PLCs are designed and programmed very smartly to deal with the machines precisely and efficiently without any chances of miscalculations avoiding any high erroneous cost. The PLC is advantageous for complex networking capabilities and motion control. Mineral Processing Mineral processing is the separation process of vital minerals from their ores. These processes go through several stages to achieve the desired output. The steps involve size reduction, size control, enrichment, upgrading and handling (Lessard, de Bakker and McHugh 2014). The several stages namely are comminution, sizing, concentration, gravity concentration, froth floatation, electrostatic separation, magnetic separation and automated ore sorting. The whole process is considered along with its economic feasibility. The flow chart can be depicted as follow for the following processes: Fig 1: Mineral Processing Source: (Created by Author) Comminution: it is the process for reducing the larger solid materials into average to small size particles by crushing or grinding. This is done so as to easily extract the minerals from the ores with clean particles. Generally three types of procedures is used that is impact, compression and attrition. Sizing: it is a general process of separation of particles according to its sizes. This is done by passing the particles from various screens such as wedge wire screens, grizzles, multi-deck screens and many more. Several parameters are considered for using the right sizing method like aperture size, presences of other materials, shape and orientation. Concentration: it can be described as amount of moles of solute in a measured volume of solution. This is used to increase the concentration of any required mineral depending on its physicals and chemical properties. Gravity concentration: It is a separation process to extract the minerals from its mixture on the basis of their specific gravity. This is preceded with the classification of particle size, weight and shape. Froth-floatation: this works with the theory of surface chemistry of particles which differs from particle to particle. The driving theory for this method is change in surface free energy (Paxton 2016). The pulp is introduced with the bubbles which rises up and then collected later from the surface. Electrostatic separation: Two different types of electrostatic separators or electrodynamics separators are used. The charged anode is passed with the stream of particles. The conducting particles are attracted towards the plate pulling away from the streams and get separated this way. Magnetic separation: as the name suggest this process works with help of magnetic field. The particles are passed into magnetic field which experiences the magnetic effect and gets separated accordingly. The process can be run with or without water. The separation takes place in accordance with gradient or the strength of the magnetic field. Automated Ore processing: this process works with help of automated separation method s performed by the sensors (Morkun and Tron 2014). Automated optical sensors exploit particles materialistic properties and perform sorting with respect to that. PLC included in the processing makes the processing more efficient and less time and labor consumption. PLC system Architecture A PLC system has three layered architecture including Environmental model, Software model and hardware model. The software model contains all the application programs. It is constructed as a separate component. Functions or the function blocks are called by the main program saved in the software (Kaluz 2015). The nested functions or function blocks can other blocks too. The calling port has a calling program installed which broadcasts the signals. It checks for the called function by check and trial that is it tries matching the called function with the name of the components connected. Interrupts are also handled by the PLC which is modeled into a separate component. Along with these, timer is also aligned as a separate component. Call port arouses the component with the start of the timer. The layer after this is the abstraction model. Features of a PLC for example interruption handling and the cyclic execution is handled and simulated in this layer (Theorin 2015). For a better functioning of the PLC the third layer comprises of the controlled devices. Sensors are available to collect data from the environment. Interrupt events such as communication interrupt, clock interrupt, alarm interrupt are all modeled like components of the environment. Working of a PLC Three cyclical stages include the working of the PLC. The First stage involves scanning of the signals receiving from the sensors. These signals are stored into the input registers. Through which the instruction are read from the memory and executed (Kufoalor 2014). At last after this, the output registers stores the data for the actuators. PLC acts as the most important component of this process. The whole process is controlled with help of its programmed memory. Ladder logic is used here to control several machineries and outputs involved. It provides the whole process a smooth flow and low accident rate at higher speed and accuracy. The PLC is a form of solid state device which makes it a powerful controller. The PLC works more efficiently with the Supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA). This SCADA works on the computer which helps in controlling the PLC (Belekar and Desai 2014). The first aspect of this process is HMI that Human Machine Interface software. It acts like a control panel which helps in operating the PLC through computers. It ahs numeric keys and screen displaying the text where an operator can on or off from the interface itself. Inputs The Input module takes up the signals given through sensors. This includes float switch, start/ stop switch, proximity sensors, position sensors, conveyer switches and others. Pushing of the start button or clicking on the run in the interface allows the machines to start on. The relay gets engaged and it further energizes the switch to put the motors of the machineries on. These kinds of machineries are bulky and run on very high voltage. Exposure of any worker to such a high voltage may be very dangerous and prove fatal if working manually with the switches (Belekar 2014). The controller locks the respective gates of the machineries with the electromagnets and does not let any interventions until unless the stop button is pressed which de-energizes the lock. Controller Controller or the central processing unit is a simple processor here which takes the set of program as input and controls the entire process. It solves the program step by step and updates the final output status (Bolton 2015). Programmer Programmer or operator uses this programmer device to update or edit the controller working process. This can be a personal computer, handheld unit or computer programming terminal. This gives access in customizing the process in accordance to the requirements (Biallas 2014). Output Taking the on/off message as the input the processor starts solving the ladder logic program in accordance to the given information. The controller signals are converted into the output signals by this module (Dixit 2015). The output from the PLC controls synchronous motor for the running of the rotator conveyer with the ores or crushed minerals on it in the separation process. Functioning of the PLC The system is manually fed from the computers for the inputs which are passed to the programming port. The system automatically takes in the input with the program already saved in the programming console (Hoaglund and Birkenfeld 2014). Sometimes the input is also provided through hand-held terminals. This terminal takes the data and passes it to the programming port. The processors process the whole input and program. The ladder logic is run at this time and passes electrical instructions to the machineries to start or stop accordingly (Dixit 2015). After the time span for the process is over the machine gets the next step update. The PLC may ask the system to stop the process or it may continue again. The relay output, triac output and transistor that are received are only manipulated as the mechanical output. The internal processing in the PLC also contains internal bus, CPU, and User memory (Bolton 2015). The processed data results into output. The output module contains attached contractors, solenoid and alarms. Fig 2: Block Diagram of PLC Source: (Created by the Author) On the basis of the above block diagram one can design the transfer function of the following considering the input flow into the system and the output flow of the system which can be derived with help of Laplace Transform. This can be solved using simple algebraic variables or manipulation of differential equation. Conclusion Complex embedded System has to be verified through the computer-aided verification. The system has to be faithful to the process. It should run accurately with the right measurements. The loops for feedbacks should be taken under consideration for the later processes. PLC architecture and the working described are universal for every PLC system. The source code consistency with the model is ensured through automatic translation. PLCs have better memory and processor power. Management of this system through SCADA saves more time making oit more efficient and effective. References Belekar, S.B., Desai, A.A., Parit, M.H. and Dakre, A., 2014. PLC SCADA based Distribution Monitoring Control. Biallas, S., Kowalewski, S., Stattelmann, S. and Schlich, B., 2014. Efficient handling of states in abstract interpretation of industrial programmable logic controller code.IFAC Proceedings Volumes,47(2), pp.400-405. Bolton, W., 2015.Programmable logic controllers. Newnes. Dixit, A., Mendiratta, R., Choudhary, T. and Kumari, N., 2015. Review Paper on PLC Its Application In Automation Plants. Gavali, A. B., S. A. Patil, and A. R. Koli. "Technology-Based Learning system in Programmable Logic Controller Education." InTechnology for Education (T4E), 2016 IEEE Eighth International Conference on, pp. 264-265. IEEE, 2016. Hoaglund, A., Birkenfeld, K. and Box, J., 2014. Professional learning communities: Creating a foundation for collaboration skills in pre-service teachers.Education,134(4), pp.521-528. Hoaglund, A.,Birkenfeld, K. and Box, J.,2014.Professional learning communities: Creating a foundation for collaboration skills in pre-service teachers.Education,134(4), pp.521-528. Kaluz, M., Garcia-Zubia, J., Fikar, M. and ?irka, ?., 2015. A flexible and configurable architecture for automatic control remote laboratories.IEEE Transactions on Learning Technologies,8(3), pp.299-310.. Kiran, A.R., Sundeep, B.V., Vardhan, C.S. and Mathews, N., 2013. The principle of programmable logic controller and its role in automation.International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology,4(3), pp.500-502. Kufoalor, D.K.M., Richter, S., Imsland, L., Johansen, T.A., Morari, M. and Eikrem, G.O., 2014, June. Embedded model predictive control on a PLC using a primal-dual first-order method for a subsea separation process. InControl and Automation (MED), 2014 22nd Mediterranean Conference of(pp. 368-373). IEEE. Lessard, J., de Bakker, J. and McHugh, L., 2014. Development of ore sorting and its impact on mineral processing economics.Minerals Engineering,65, pp.88-97. Morkun, V. and Tron, V., 2014. Ore preparation multi-criteria energy-efficient automated control with considering the ecological and economic factors.Metallurgical and Mining Industry,5, pp.4-7 Paxton, R.G., Cydaf Technologies Limited, 2016.Apparatus for separation and processing of materials. U.S. Patent 9,370,753. Wang, C.H. and Wu, H.S., 2016. A novel framework to evaluate programmable logic controllers: A fuzzy MCDM perspective.Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing,27(2), pp.315-324.

A Comparison Between Jane Eyre And Fanny Price Essays -

A Comparison Between Jane Eyre And Fanny Price A comparison between Jane Eyre and Fanny Price There are many things that can be compared between Jane Eyre and Fanny Price, and I will focus on the fact that they are both orphans that grow up to be independent women. The two are so different yet also so much the same. In the following analysis, I will compare these two characters and decide who can be viewed as the stronger character. To start, we can say that both Jane and Fanny are orphans. They are both sent to live with family and destined to become outcasts from the start. Jane is not readily accepted by her family. This is also true of Fanny. They are only similar in the fact that they are orphans. Fanny's character is different from Jane because Jane is an independent individual. Fanny is much more reserved and independent, while Jane has a much more outspoken personality. Jane Eyre struggles to resist those around her from changing her. Her self-devotion causes her many sufferings, but she survives these and becomes a stronger woman. Jane grows up in a Victorian period where women were not seen as equals. She was born an orphan into a family that had no more room to love another child. Jane faced much resentment in the house, but being the strong-minded character that she is, she confronts Mrs. Reed. She says, ?I am not deceitful: if I were, I should say I loved you; but I declare that I do not love you: I dislike you the worst of anybody in the world.? Jane Eyre grows up questioning authority. She is an independent soul with an independent mind. She will not tolerate being walked over. She shows her strength in all aspects of her life including her love for Rochester. The fact that she is an orphan shows us how the absence of a mother contributes to the void of nurturing, therefore, giving the character possession of internal strength and independenc e. In Mansfield Park, Fanny can be seen as an orphan as well. She is sent to Mansfield to live with her relatives because her mother is unfit to take care of her. She grows up at Mansfield rejected by her Aunt and as an outcast among her cousins. She is independent but not outspoken. She only finds true friendship with Edmund. She struggles in the beginning to overcome her homesickness, and her longing for her relationship with her brother. Edmund is the only vice that sees her through her struggle. She is not as outspoken as Jane, but she is as strong-minded. She knows what she wants and if she could stand up for herself, she can obtain it. Her determination helps her to gain strength. Self-respect dominates the theme of Jane Eyre, whereas in Mansfield Park the story deals with more moral issues concerning class and family. In Jane Eyre, the idea of gender and class structure is very evident between Jane and Rochester. She is a hardworking governess and he, her much wealthier employer. In Mansfield Park, Fanny's interest in Edmund also tests society. For any kind of interest in each other would be wrong during that time. The story itself tests society in ways of the characters going against the ?duty? of their lives. For example, Edmund is jumping out of the lineage by wanting to become a clergyman. Also, his attraction to Fanny and hers to him was considered immoral in 19th century England because of their relationship. Returning back to Jane, we can see how society could feel that her romance with Rochester was wrong. But even Jane is independent enough to leave him when he threatens her beliefs. She remains true to her beliefs, no matter what. Even when that means spending three days wandering around and almost dying for her choices. One theme that remains true to both novels is that both stories defy the norms of society. In Mansfield Park, the characters go against all duties and the idea of the structure of family. The theatrical in the book even furthers their attempts to do everything against what it right and moral at that time. In Jane Eyre, there are some

How to Build Word of Mouth

How to Build Word of Mouth As a new freelancer scrounging advice, â€Å"word of mouth† was a common response from the more experienced. If I wanted to increase my work and income, that’s what it was down to: Word of mouth. It drove me nuts. What was word of mouth and how could I get myself there? Build contacts.  Make it your job to know people. Attend events and book releases, join online forums, get in touch with editors via the staff-section of magazines. Contact websites and business that catch your interest. Where there’s opportunity, introduce yourself. Random conversations have led to year-long contacts (and referrals).   Just one example: An avid card player, I struck up a conversation with a friend about local Bridge clubs: They put me in touch with the editor of Great Bridge Links, and I’ve been on-board ever since. Be accessible.  People should always have access to your portfolio and have a way to reach you. Two birds with one stone is a well-designed website that strikes the right chords. You want professionalism and efficiency. Have at least writing samples, links and an about section on your official website. Expand your network further with other contactable profiles like Amazon Author Central or your own blog separately from your website. Spread your reach.  Now and then (I do it once a month), write something for free and send it somewhere meaningful: A guest post, magazine. This is only about expanding your reach: Introduce yourself to a new market, and make sure your website is updated when a prospective client types your details into Google. Ask.  Many referrals have come from simply asking happy clients to refer others. Other times, unsuccessful cold queries have resulted in a â€Å"we’ll be sure to pass your info on† that paid off later down the line. Gather testimonials.  In addition to referrals, ask clients for testimonials to go on your website. These are your references, and it shows that you can do the job. If you can grab a testimonial from a well-known client or author, so much better: Author Francois Bloemhof was more than happy to offer up a review for the NB Publishers anthology short story â€Å"Boelie† (Afrikaans for bully), and it’s just because I’d asked. Reputation is everything almost goes without saying.  Don’t burn bridges, don’t miss deadlines, don’t gossip or bitch about clients and colleagues – and yes, I’ve sadly seen this – stay accurate and stick to your work-ethic. Protect your reputation; it’s everything for word of mouth. People are going to talk about your work, and you want what they’re saying to be good. Reach out.  Sometimes you have to reach out first, or people will never hear about you! Getting people to know me (and get in touch later) involved a lot of cold calling – not just to magazines, but business who looked like they could use my services. Incentive is great for attracting word of mouth.  Use social media to launch a competition, offer a 15 percent discount for referred clients, put a short story up for download, host a course or start a newsletter; The bottom line is getting people to talk, share, interact and refer. Refer others.  Refer clients to other freelancers in your contacts library, too. Sometimes a job comes along that I might not have time for, and I’m happy to recommend a friend. This, of course, encourages them to refer others back to you. That, dear writer, is the cycle of word of mouth. Have you got people talking?

How Hersheys company emerged to a multibillion-dollar organization Research Paper

How Hersheys company emerged to a multibillion-dollar organization - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that Hershey Company that was known as the Hershey Foods Corporation until April 2005 and is commonly known as Hershey’s now is the largest manufacturer of chocolate operating from North America.   It is headquartered in Hershey, Pennsylvania. It was founded by Mr. Milton S. Hershey in the year 1894 and was named the Hershey Chocolate Company that was also a subsidiary unit of the Lancaster Caramel Company. It is especially known for its milk bar chocolates, chocolate bars, candies and baking products. Apart from its chocolate products, the company is also well known for its philanthropic activities. The internal analysis of a company provides information about its core competencies, as well as functional analysis; in order to establish the firm’s core competencies, Porter’s value chain model can be used.   Core Competencies and Unique Resources - The core competencies should possess four traits. They should be valu able to the customer, the competencies need to be unique, the competencies should be durable and difficult to imitate and the competencies need to be developed in a way that they cannot be substituted by any other means. The core competencies of Hershey’s lie in the fact that the company is a well-known organization in the chocolate and confectionery industry. It is hugely popular because of its chocolate bars, particularly the S'more. The second competency of Hershey is the quality of the product.... The company also takes care of its perishable products by keeping it in clod storages. The unique resources for the company range from its farmers who supply it with the raw materials to the consumers who buy its products (Hershey’s, n.d). These leverage the output and revenue of the company. 2.2 Porter's Value Chain of Hershey’s – according to Porter’s value chain model, the primary activities and the supporting activities are described as follows: Primary activities Hershey maintains a strong control over its suppliers and pioneers in its inbound logistics operations. Along with the implementation of cold storage, the company highly stresses on the application of organizational theory. Recently, it has implemented the stylized statistical technique of Six Sigma for improving its products. Six Sigma is an extravagant technology applied in manufacturing sector for identifying defects of the products and help improving the products. Sig Sigma technology red uces the error to around 3.4 defects per million. The benefits of Six Sigma for logistics operation include that of improvement in process, reduction in cost as well as increase in operational efficiency. By applying this technique, the companies can determine the root causes of problems and also find out the mechanism of process improvement. Hershey’s company in partnership with GENCO also underwent an implementation of Six Sigma to make a root cause analysis for an optimal sales level. It has implemented Six Sigma in its Lebanon manufacturing unit and planning to implement in other areas as well (Partridge, 2006). The company also provides a sound operational system by offering rigorous training to its

Explain the myth of the Golden Carp and explore its significance in Essay

Explain the myth of the Golden Carp and explore its significance in Antonio' spiritual coming of age in Anaya's Bless Me, Ultima - Essay Example Antonio feels difficulty to lead a life in between the conflicts of his father’s and mother families, namely, the Marez and the Juans. These conflicts, along with his mother persuasion to make him a Catholic priest and his father’s wish to join him with the Marez, wild and untamed vaqueros, also poses several questions in Antonio’s mind and seeks answers to all these questions with the help of Ultima, the Curandera—the traditional folk healer. An overview of the novel clearly brings out the role of myth which predominates from the beginning to the end. The purpose of the study is to unveil the significance of the myth of golden carp on Antonio and explore its significance in Antonios spiritual coming of age. Among the different myths used in the novel, one can see that the myth of the golden carp plays a decisive role in determining or guiding the story. â€Å"The myth of the golden carp is certainly the most significant myth used in the novel, particularly because it helps to elucidate Antonio’s increasing anxiety and eventual acceptance of the differing religious beliefs that he encounters† (Bless Me, Ultima Study Guide). The role of the minor myths on the novel also is not negligible as they help the readers to have glimpse of Mexican –American culture. When tracing the origin of the myths, it leads us to Aztec Mythology of Mexican-American culture which supported polytheism. Antonio had to meet many different kinds of myth all through the novel and each had a dominant influence in his character formation. The myth of the golden carp brings new perspectives to Antonio when he identifies it as different from Catholicism. The myth of golden carp was takes substance from the Aztec legend according to which, â€Å"there were four ages of the world or â€Å"suns† before the present world, each of which was destroyed by an individual

Legal Defenses in Criminal Law

Legal Defenses in Criminal Law In criminal law, offenses are clearly defined. Some require a proof of the criminal act and others require proof of intent to commit the crime. Under the law; individuals may have performed illegal acts but still not be found guilty of a criminal violation because of a legally recognized justification for the actions or because legally they were not responsible for their actions (Neubauer Fradella, 2010, p. 48-49). Legal defenses in criminal law come from the way crime is defined. There are numerous defenses that are seen in criminal cases. Self-defense is the most commonly seen legal defense. Others include duress or compulsion, infancy or immaturity, mental impairment or insanity, and necessity. To be held responsible for a crime, a person must understand the nature and consequences of his or her unlawful actions. Under certain circumstances, a person who commits a crime lacks the legal capacity to be held responsible for the act. Defenses based on justifications rely on a claim t hat the accused party did take certain action now being labeled criminal but had no other choice in order to minimize their own losses or those of someone else. A justification defense deems conduct that is otherwise criminal to be socially acceptable and non-punishable under the specific circumstances of the case. Justification focuses on the nature of the conduct under the circumstances. Excuse defenses focus on the defendants moral culpability. An excuse defense recognizes that the defendant has caused some social harm but should not be blamed or punished for such harm. Justification and excuse defenses apply to all crimes. Some defenses, however, pertain to just one or a few crimes. For example, legal impossibility is a common law defense to the crime of attempt. Justification, excuse, and offense-modification defenses all relate to the defendants culpability or to the wrongfulness of conduct. There is a difference between justification defense and an excusable defense. Self-def ense and necessity are justifiable reasons and duress and insanity are excusable reasons. Self-Defense The general rule is that a person is privileged to use force as reasonably appears necessary to defend himself or herself against an apparent threat of unlawful and immediate violence from another (Pollock, 2009, p. 90). The general rule is that a person is privileged to use force when a person reasonably believes that it is necessary to defend oneself or another against the immediate threat of danger or use of unlawful force. However, a person must use no more force than appears reasonably necessary in the circumstances. Force likely to cause death or great bodily harm is justified in self-defense only if a person reasonably believes that such force is necessary to prevent death or great bodily harm. In thinking about a self-defense case, attorneys need to consider police use-of-force training and standards. Attorneys will need to know a moderate amount of technical information about firearms, gunshot wounds, knife wounds, blood splatter evidence and crime scene reconstruction in or der to review and challenge the prosecutors experts (Steele, 2003, p. 659). Attorneys investigate eyewitness memory and how the client, the deceased and any innocent bystanders were affected by the stress of the incident. If the act was committed in self-defense, then the crime is not punishable. The right to protect oneself, family, and home is recognized by the common law. Model Penal Code shows that use of force is justifiable when it is used to protect and prevent against harm. To prove self-defense, one must show proof that there was a reasonableness of fear of physical harm to oneself or another and reason to perceive an imminent danger. The amount of force used must be reasonable and related to the threat and he or she who is claiming self defense cannot be the cause of the incident. Duress In criminal law, duress is a defense to a crime if the defendant was pressured or compelled to commit the crime by another. If there was a threat of serious imminent harm to the defendant or others and no reasonable escape available, then duress or compulsion can be claimed if the crime is of a lesser magnitude than the harm threatened. The common law recognized duress as a defense for crimes but not murder. Nowadays, Under the Model Code, the defense of duress is not established simply by the fact that the defendant was coerced; he must have been coerced in circumstances under which a person of reasonable firmness in his situation would likewise have been unable to resist (Pollack, 2009, p. 83). Compulsion refers to the forcible persuasion to an act. It also means the act of forceful and uncontrollable impulse to do something in the state of being persuaded. Duress or compulsion can take many forms other then physical force. It can be threats used under the heads of obedience to ord ers, martial pressure, and necessity. Duress excuses criminal behavior where the defendant shows that the acts were the product of threats inducing a reasonable fear of immediate death or serious bodily injury (Pollack, 2009, p. 83). Committing a crime because of fear of immediate danger allows state laws to excuse the criminal conduct. Duress excuses criminal culpability only if the defendant is in imminent fear of bodily harm by another with no escape and the crime cannot be any serious personal violent crime, such as homicide. To be cleared by reason of duress, the defendant must not have also been reckless in putting themselves in harms way. Although not universally recognized, woman will use the defense of battered woman syndrome. This is to say that that assailant, typically female, becomes helpless because of constant abuse and is forced to commit crime because they fear there is no escape. Infancy Infancy and immaturity is a legal defense and has been seen in criminal cases. Infancy means the state or period of being a minor and is a lack of legal capacity to be held responsible for a crime due to the age of the perpetrator. Infancy, in this case, means only that the child does not have the capacity to determine right and wrong, the age of infancy is set by case law or statute (Pollack, 2009, p. 70). The legal defense of infancy is a form of defense known as an excuse so that defendants falling within the definition of an infant are excluded from criminal liability for their actions, if at the time they have not reached an age of criminal responsibility. According to the common law, a child under the age of seven is clearly not responsible for their actions even if the child confessed to the act. A child between the ages of seven and fourteen is still considered infant and is not responsible but some cases can be overturned. The Model Penal Code establishes that any individual under the age of sixteen is to be tried in juvenile court but any individual older than sixteen but younger than eighteen at the time of the incident can be tried in adult criminal court if the juvenile courts wave jurisdiction. The exact age at which a person is no longer considered a juvenile, and can this be prosecuted as an adult, differs from state to state (Neubauer Fradella, 2010, p. 49). Most of the state courts that have addressed the issue have declared that the infancy defense is inapplicable to juvenile court prosecutions because it was intended to guard children from the harshness of the adult penal system and therefore has no relevance to a rehabilitation-oriented juvenile court system. In the criminal law, each state will consider the nature of its own society and the available evidence of the age at which antisocial behavior begins to manifest itself. Juvenile delinquency is a form of immaturity and a childs criminal violations. Common crimes include theft, burglar y, sale or possession of drugs, and criminal damage and vandalism to property. Insanity Insanity is a legal defense where a defendant claims to have been under mental impairment during the time of the crime. It is a legal term and refers to any mental illness that meets the legal threshold for incapacity. Defendants claiming insanity plead that they are not to be held responsible for their actions. In common law, courts held that if the defendant had no understanding or memory to know what he was doing was wrong, he was like an infant or world beast and, therefore, not culpable (Pollack, 2009, p. 73). Daniel MNaghten was a woodworker who believed he was the target of a conspiracy involving the pope and British Prime Minister Robert Peel. In 1843, MNaghten traveled to 10 Downing Street to ambush Peel, but mistakenly shot and killed Peels secretary. During the ensuing trial, several psychiatrists testified MNaghten was delusional. A jury agreed, declaring him not guilty by reason of insanity. This was the first case seen with the defense of insanity. To determine pure ins anity of a defendant, certain rules are followed such as MNaghtens Rules and a right and wrong test is administered because insanity is an affirmative defense. To establish criminal incapacity under this test, a defendant must introduce at least some evidence to show that, as a result of his mental condition, he did not know the nature and quality of his act or did not know that the act was wrong (Pollack, 2009, p. 75). The defendant must show burden of proof and competency to stand trial. In some cases, when the defendant is not declared legally insane, diminished capacity defenses are used such as premenstrual syndrome, post partum depression syndrome, intoxication, post-traumatic stress syndrome, and battered woman syndrome. Necessity Similar to duress, necessity is a defense used when the pressure that makes the defendant commit the crime comes from an outside source. In this case, the factors that affect the defendant come from the physical forces of nature instead of another human being. Necessity is sometimes referred to as the Choice of Evils. The evil sought to be avoided must be greater than that sought to be prevented by the law defining the offense (Pollack, 2009, p. 87). Necessity excuses criminal conduct when it is done only to avoid an even greater harm. If one believes that they or another is about to suffer significant bodily harm and there is no other reasonable legal alternative to engaging in the criminal conduct, then one may claim this legal defense and not be held responsible. For example, if you are being chased and enter a random home without permission to seek shelter and contact the police, then it is excusable and you will not be charged with trespassing although you did not have permissio n. But here, your actions would probably be excused as being done out of necessity. Necessity is another legal defense that must be proven by a preponderance of the evidence. An example is the possession of marijuana as a medical necessity. The defense of necessity excuses criminal actions taken in response to exigent circumstances, and is based on the premise that illegal action should not be punished if it was undertaken to prevent a greater harm. The test for necessity requires that the defendant faced with a choice of evils choose the lesser evil; it does not require that the evil perceived must be illegal under the law. (Graybiel, 1994). Conclusion Justifications and excuses represent exceptions to those generally applicable prohibitory norms, precluding conviction and punishment in certain defined circumstances even where an actor has engaged in prohibited conduct or caused a prohibited result. A justification centers on the external, objective circumstances that surround an otherwise criminal act and seeks to determine whether, on balance, the act has benefited (or at least not harmed) society. In contrast, an excuse generally focuses upon an actors individual characteristics and subjective mental state and aims to determine whether he can justly be held accountable.

Human Rights Issues Essay

Nelson Mandela once said, â€Å"To deny people their human rights is to challenge their very humanity.† This quote is a powerful tool that can help one analyze and understand the severity of failing to guard the rights of their neighbours. When one person forcibly removes or denies another of their God-given rights, they are taking away that persons freedom, and ultimately committing a sin against God. The purpose of this essay is to prove how failing to protect and respect others rights is detrimental to ones relationship with God. Through examining some of the basic human rights in the UN’s Universal Declaration of Human Rights, and various Sacred Scriptures, one can come to understand the importance of human rights and their correlation with the Catholic Faith. On December 10th 1948, the United Nations established a very important document known as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (United Nations 1). This document was written shortly after the second World War in an effort to secure the rights that belong to all people. Although this document proved to be somewhat successful in bringing peace and harmony amongst people, remains an abundance of unjust acts taking place in the world. The official teaching of the Catholic Church has acknowledged the positive value of The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Pope John Paul II declared it to be, â€Å"A true milestone on the  path of humanity’s moral progress.† (Doctrine of the Church, 152). Although an agreement can be made upon the multiple benefits of this document, there still remains an abundance of violations against human rights that decrease the moral standings of those who preform such acts and those who chose to simply look away when these acts are being committed. The first article of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that † All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood† (United Nations, 1). However there are around twenty-two thousand children that die everyday due to poverty related causes (Shah, 6). How is it that over one hundred and thirty-three million pounds of food are carelessly discarded every year in the United States of America while thousands of children are suffering worldwide due to malnutrition (Obradovich 4)? This valued document states individual rights yet it can not ensure that everyones rights are protected, which is why there are numerous lives that are taken due to the careless negligence of those who choose to turn a blind eye to the individuals whose rights are being stolen everyday. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights is a tool that can help one understand some of the basic human rights, however one must go beyond simply informing themselves on what human rights are. Once these rights have been read and understood, the value of human rights and their importance must be taken into consideration when making a moral decision to stand-up for those whose rights have been stolen. It is imperative that one recognizes the value of human rights in order to preserve them for others and strengthen ones relationship with God. â€Å"The movement towards the identification and proclamation of human rights is one of the most significant attempts to  respond effectively to the inescapable demands of human dignity† (Doctrine of the Church, 152). In this excerpt from the Church’s Magisterium, one can find that the Church directly connects human rights to human dignity. One  must first identify their rights and those that belong to every individual in order to do everything in their power to protect their rights and those of other individuals. It is in doing this that one can make a positive change in others lives and fulfill their needs for human dignity. Too often, people place others needs aside while they search for wealth and materialistic possessions, however one must pay specific attention to those living in developing countries. Ailments, crop failures, natural disasters, violence and corrupt governments continuously decrease the development of these countries and their people from joining the rest of humanity on an even playing field (The Family and Human Rights, 56). Everyday millions of children and adults are suffering in the global community and in order to provide the necessary aid, citizens of the first world must know the value of human rights and the worth of a human life to stand up for people in poor living conditions and fight for their rights. In an article written by David Hollenbach, he states that â€Å"It is striking how strongly the new Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church affirms the Catholic Church’s commitment to human rights as moral standards to which all nations and cultures should be held accountable† (Hollenbach 3). This excerpt of the article highlights the importance of everyone of every individual abiding, protecting and being held accountable for ones rights and the rights of others. Rights are not only statements that are placed as suggestions for people, they must be followed and respected by everyone living in every part of the world. â€Å"There rights are ‘universal, inviolable, inalienable'† (Doctrine of the Church, 153). These rights are present in  everyone regardless of age, gender, race and religious beliefs. It would be useless to proclaim human rights if they were not being respected and protected by all people, for all people. Lastly, No one has the right to deny another of their rights as this would violate their very dignity and nature. It is evident that human rights are extremely valuable and are common amongst all people. Once one has learned about what the basic human rights are and their importance, then they must be applied into ones everyday life to help ensure that the rights are being practiced, but more  importantly, that others rights are being defended. There exists a positive correlation between The Catholic Church’s teachings and Human Rights. When one is violated, the other also suffers the negative effects and ones relationship with God is harmed. A section in the article written by David Hollenbach states, â€Å"Like earlier church documents, the compendium grounds the link between Christian faith and human rights in the dignity of the human person as created in the image of God† (Hollenbach, 7). This is emphasizing how everyone is created in the image and likeness of God, and is deserving of dignity and respect. Failing to safeguard ones rights is equivalent to denying said person of his or her humanity. David also states, â€Å"Consequently, the church’s work in support of human rights is essentially connected to its mission to proclaim the Gospel† (Hollenbach 4). Promoting and protecting the rights of all God’s people is viewed as a moral act and anything done to counteract the progress of human rights is seen as an act against God in the eyes of the Catholic Church. Human rights is directly linked to the vocation of every Christian and the Church’s mission. (Council for the Family, 32). It is every Christian’s moral duty to promote peace amongst people and to protect not just ones own, but everyones rights. There is a clear crossover between the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; that outlines everyones individual rights and freedoms,  and Christian ethics even though there is no direct reference to God in the document. This is due to the fact that the articles and rights presented in this document are based on humanity’s  common conscience (The Family and Human Rights, 2). Through acts of Christian service, one can grow a deep appreciation for the other and an understanding of ones duty as a Catholic citizen to help others that cannot help themselves. These acts help one grow closer to God because they act in accordance with the Catholic moral duty to help the other. All in all, there is a clear link between human rights and the duty of every Catholic citizen to ensure that every persons rights are being protected. When one person  directly or indirectly neglects a persons rights, they are disobeying God and therefore, committing a sin against Him. Every individual, regardless or age, race, gender or religious beliefs has certain rights and freedoms that pertain to them from the moment of conception. It is ones moral duty to protect others’ rights and ensure that everyone is leading a life of fairness and equality. Through analyzing the United Nation’s Declaration of Human Rights, it is clear that human rights are crucial in an attempt to create a peaceful world and a happy relationship with God. It is also important that one values the necessity of human rights in order for that individual to do everything in their power to safeguard the rights of others. One can clearly identify the relationship between human rights and the Catholic Church when looking at various Catholic documents as they both relate to the basic common conscience of humanity. With the use of this information, it is necessary that one protects their rights and the rights of other individuals in order to grow a healthy relationship with God. Works Cited â€Å"Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church.† Compendium of the Social Doctrine of the Church. Web. 5 Mar. 2014. Hollenbach, David. â€Å"Human rights in Catholic thought: a new synthesis.† America 31 Oct. 2005: 16. Gale Power Search. Web. 7 Apr. 2014. Shah, Anup. â€Å"Poverty Facts and Stats.† Global Issues. 07 Jan. 2013. Web. 23 Apr. 2014. . â€Å"The Family and the Human Rights.† The Family and Human Rights. Web. 5 Mar. 2014. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/pontifical_councils/family/documents/ rc_pc_family_doc_20001115_family-human-rights_en.html. â€Å"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights, UDHR, Declaration of Human Rights, Human Rights Declaration, Human Rights Charter, The Un and Human Rights.† UN News Center. UN, n.d. Web. 5 Apr. 2014. . Obradovich, Kathie. â€Å"Throwing Away Food Fuels Climate Change.† Des Moines Register 23 May 2014: n. pag. Des Moines Register. Web. 23 May 2014.

Use Case Narrative: Enrollment System

An E-commerce Website Use Case Name: Search and browse products ID: US-I Priority: High Actor: Shopper Description: This use case describes a shopper who searches and browses products. Trigger: A shopper is looking for a specific product. Trigger Type: External Preconditions: 1 . The shopper is knowledgeable about the product he/she is looking for. 2. The website is available. 3. The advertisement and buyer account databases are up-to-date and online. Normal Course: 1. 0 Search and browse products and select product to purchase 1 .The shopper pacifies the category of the item and the item itself to be searched. 2. The system verifies that the item is available. 3. The system generates all the products matching the search request. 4. The shopper selects a product and wants to place it in a cart. 5. The system asks the shopper to log in. (Alternative Course 1 . 1) 6. The shopper logs in his/her buyer account. 7. The system verifies the account. 8. The shopper adds the product to cart. Information for Steps Search Criteria List of approved ads Buyer Account List of Buyer Accounts New Cart Entry Modified Cart Alternative Courses: 1.The shopper doesn't already have a buyer account. (branch at step 5) 1. The shopper registers his/her desired surname and password. 2. The system verifies if the surname is still available. AAA. The surname is still available. AAA. The shopper has created a buyer account. Return to Normal Course Step 6. 5. B. The surname already exists. B. The system asks the shopper if he wants to continue registration or not. B. 1 The shopper wants to continue registration. B. 1 Return to Alternative course 1. 1 step 1 B. 2 The shopper cancels the request. B. 2 The system terminates the use case.Surname and Password List of Buyer Surnames New Buyer Account Request for re-registration Cancellation Postpositions: 1 . One or more products are added to the shopper's cart. 2. Cart has been modified. 3. The unregistered shopper has created a buyer account. E xceptions: El: Search request returns no result. (occurs at step 2) 1 . The system displays the message inform search did not match any records. Try another search. â€Å". 2. The system starts Normal Course again. E: Buyer Account is not valid. (occurs at step 7) 1 . The system displays the message inform surname and password is not valid.Please re-enter your surname and password. â€Å". E: Account inputted is not a Buyer Account. (occurs at step 7) 1. The system displays the message inform account is a Seller Account. Please enter a Buyer Account. â€Å". 2. Return to Normal Course step 5. Summary Inputs Source Outputs Destination Request for re-registration or Cancellation Shopper Active Advertisement Database Buyer Account Database Cart Database Use Case Name: Purchase products online ID: US-2 Actor: Buyer Description: This use case describes a buyer's purchase of product(s) on his/her cart online. Trigger: A buyer wants to buy a product. . The buyer's account is authenticat ed. 2. The buyer account database 3. One or more products are in the cart. 4. The buyer has specified readiness to check out and buy product(s) in his/her cart. 1. 0 Buyer confirms the intent to buy and supplies payment. 1. The buyer opens his/ her cart. 2. The system displays the cart's contents with price(s) of product(s) included. 3. The buyer purchase product(s) via Papal. 4. The buyer entered the payment information. 5. The system verifies the payment information's authority. 6. The buyer confirms the payment transaction. (Alternative Course 1 . 1) 7.The system recesses payment. 8. The system confirms the payment's success. 9. The system removes the purchased product(s) from the cart. 10. The buyer wants to view and print the recent or all the payment transaction's report Information for Steps Purchase Authorization Cart Contents Payment Information Payment Information's Authorization Payment Confirmation Product(s) Sale(s)' details Payment Transaction List of Payment Transacti ons Payment Transaction(s)' report(s) 1. 1 Buyer cancels payment. (branch at step 6) 1 . The buyer cancels the payment transaction. 2. Return to Normal Course 6. 1. Cart has been modified. Product(s) purchase is recorded. 3. Product(s) sales transaction is recorded. 4. The buyer has the printed reports for the recent or all the payment transactions. El: Payment Information is not authorized. (occurs at step 5) 1. The system displays the message â€Å"The payment information is not accepted. Please enter an authorized payment information. â€Å". 2. Return to Normal Course step 4. Payment Information's Authorization Buyer Payment Clearinghouse Payment Transaction Database Payment Transaction(sys report(s) Product Sales Database Use Case Name: Post advertisement entries ID: US-3 Actor: SellerDescription: This use case describes a seller posting advertisement entries. Trigger: A seller want to post an advertisement entry. 1 . The seller's account is authenticated. 2. The seller is kn owledgeable about the product he/she is going to advertise. 3. The 4. The seller account database is up-to-date and online. 1. 0 Buyer's posting of product advertisements. 1 . The seller wants to post an advertisement entry. 2. The system asks the seller to log in his/her seller account. 3. The seller logs in his/ her seller account. (Alternative Course 1 . 1) 4. The system verifies the account. 5. The seller inputs the advertisement information. The system verifies the advertisement information. 7. The seller confirms the advertisement. 8. The system confirms the advertisement entry for admit approval. Information for Seller Account List of Seller Accounts Advertisement Information Advertisement Confirmation New Advertisement Entry 1. 1 The seller doesn't already have a seller account. (branch at step 3) 1. The seller registers his/her desired surname and password. 2. The system verifies if the surname is still available. AAA. The surname is still available. AAA. B. B. The seller h as created a seller account. Return to Normal Course Step 4.The surname already exists. The system asks the seller if he wants to continue registration or not. B. 1 The seller wants to continue registration. B. 2 The seller cancels the request. List of Seller Surnames New Seller Account 1 . The advertisement entry is added to the advertisement database for admit approval. 2. The unregistered seller has created a seller account. El: Seller Account is not valid. (occurs at step 4) 1 . The system displays the message mirror surname and password is not valid. Please re-enter your surname and password. â€Å". E: Account inputted is not a Seller Account. (occurs at step 4) 1 .The system displays the message inform account is a Buyer Account. Please enter a Seller Account. â€Å". 2. Return to Normal Course step 3. Seller Seller Account Database Pending Advertisement Database Use Case Name: Management of seller's active advertisements ID: US-4 Description: This use case describes the se ller viewing his/her active advertisements. Trigger: The seller wants to view his/her active advertisements. Trigger Type: External 1 . The seller account is authenticated. 2. The advertisement database is up-to-date and online. 1. 0 Managing of active advertisements 1 . The seller wants to manage his/her active advertisements. The system displays all the seller's active advertisements. AAA. The seller edits the contents oaf specific advertisement. AAA. The system confirms the modification. B. The seller confirms the deletion an advertisement(s). B. The system confirms the modification. List of Active Advertisements Edit Information Edited Advertisement Deletion Confirmation Deleted Advertisement(s) None 1 . Advertisement Database has been modified. List of Active Advertisements Use Case Name: Sales Revenue Report ID: US-5 Priority: Low Description: This use case describes a seller viewing and printing his/her sales revenue report.Trigger: A seller wants to view and print his/her sa les revenue report. 1. The seller's account is authenticated. 2. The product sales database is up-to-date and online. 1. 0 Viewing and printing of sales revenue report 1. The seller wants to view his/her sales revenue report. 2. The system displays his/her sales revenue report. 3. The seller confirms the print of the report. 4. The system print the sales revenue report. List of Sales Revenue Sales Revenue Report 1 . The seller has the printed report of his/her sales revenue. Use Case Name: Management of all the advertisements ID: US-6 Actor: AdmitDescription: This use case describes the admit managing all the pending and active advertisements. Trigger: The admit wants to manage the advertisements. 1. The adman's account is authenticated. 2. The admit account database is up-to-date and online. 3. The advertisement database is up-to-date and online. 1. 0 Managing of all the advertisements 1. The admit logs in his/her admit account. 2. The system verifies the account. 3. The admit want s to manage all the advertisements both pending and active. 4. The system displays all the pending and active advertisements. AAA. The admit selects and view a pending advertisement.

Introduction to Mendels Law of Independent Assortment